Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in patients with premature heart disease: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Purpose
Due to the increase in the prevalence of other risk factors of heart diseases, the age of heart disease has decreased and it has led to premature heart disease. One of the main risk factors of this disease is metabolic syndrome (MetS). One of the key ways to control MetS is dietary modification. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS in patients with premature heart disease.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted on 409 people with premature heart disease. The diagnosis of MetS was made based on the ATP III criteria. Dietary intake for the past year was collected using the validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis with principal components approach.
Findings
Three dietary patterns were identified, including the healthy, western and traditional patterns. The findings showed that people who followed the traditional pattern more than those who followed less had a lower risk of MetS. (OR:0.23; 95% CI: 0.11–0.52). But, no relation was observed between healthy (OR:1.45; 95% CI:0.64–3.25) and western (OR:1.04; 95% CI:0.51–2.13) patterns with MetS.
Originality/value
The findings of this study showed that following a traditional dietary pattern based on high consumption of whole grains, red meat, viscera, fish, eggs, high-fat dairy products, soft drinks, mayonnaise and solid oil was associated with a lower risk of MetS.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
*Shive Rezayat and Noushin Mohammadifard have the equal contribution as the first author.
This study was funded by the Research and Technology Department, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education (Grant number: 96110). The authors greatly appreciate the help of all staff in different centers with their assistance in data collection and conducting intervention activities.
This study was extracted from MSc dissertation, which was approved by was approved by the ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1400.039). The authors would like to offer their gratitude all the study participants.
Individual contribution: All authors participated in the design of the study. SR, NM, EZ, AF, NS and MK managed the study. AF supervised the current secondary study within the framework of Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD), analyzed the data and revised the draft. MK interpreted the results. MK and SR prepared the manuscript. All authors read, revised and approved the final version of manuscript.
Citation
Rezayat, S., Mohammadifard, N., Zarepur, E., Feizi, A., Sarrafzadegan, N. and Kafeshani, M. (2024), "Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in patients with premature heart disease: a cross-sectional study", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-09-2023-0215
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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