Index

World Healthcare Cooperatives: Challenges and Opportunities

ISBN: 978-1-80455-775-4, eISBN: 978-1-80455-774-7

Publication date: 29 December 2023

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

(2023), "Index", Tripathy, K.K., Kumari, S., Venkatesh, V.G., Jayalakshmi, R. and Sukumaran Nair, M.P. (Ed.) World Healthcare Cooperatives: Challenges and Opportunities, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 213-222. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80455-774-720231012

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2024 K.K. Tripathy, Sneha Kumari, V.G. Venkatesh, R. Jayalakshmi, and M.P. Sukumaran Nair


INDEX

Aarogya Setu
, 174

Abdur Razzaque Ansari Memorial (ARAM)
, 7–8, 121, 127

best practices
, 136–137

cancer hospital
, 131

conceptualisation and foundation
, 126–127

concern for community for sustainable community development
, 122

COVID-19 protocols
, 133–134

diagnosis at
, 132

diversified services
, 130–131

doctors and medical facilities
, 128–129

economic contribution/perspective of Sayeed Ahmad Ansari and brothers
, 135

hospital profile and model of operation
, 125–137

infrastructure of HCG
, 131–132

location and overview
, 126

management model
, 129–130

management of hospital
, 128

managerial implications
, 136

Medanta ARAMW Blood Bank
, 133

medical oncology
, 133

members and non-members loyalty
, 127–128

methodology
, 125

nuclear medicine
, 133

objectives
, 125

oncology
, 133

principles of cooperatives in healthcare
, 121–122

profile of founder
, 125–126

review of literature
, 122–125

social perspective
, 135–136

socio-economic impact
, 134–135

surgical oncology
, 132–133

sustainable competitive advantage of Medanta ARAMH
, 137

treatment at
, 132

Weaver’s Hospital
, 3, 68

Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV)
, 170

Accessibility
, 159

Accommodation
, 130

Affordability
, 17, 140

Africa, healthcare cooperatives in
, 64

Amul
, 56–59

Annual General Meeting
, 87

Anti-fragile
, 49

Aravind Eye Care Hospital
, 57

Argentina
, 95

constraints
, 111–112

impact of cooperatives in general and healthcare cooperatives in particular on women’s lives
, 107–109

distinguishing features of Argentina healthcare cooperatives
, 102–105

examples of healthcare cooperatives in
, 109–111

healthcare cooperatives in
, 65, 94–95

healthcare in Latin America
, 95–102

women in
, 105–106

women in cooperative movement in Argentina
, 106–107

Argentina Cooperative Movement
, 65

Argentina Trabaja
, 109

Artes Gráficas Patricios
, 110

ASISA (insurance company)
, 144

Asistencia Sanitaria (medical service cooperative)
, 144

Assistance for underprivileged groups
, 121

Assistència Sanitària Colegial (ASC)
, 146

Associations Foundations
, 69

Atma Nirbhar Bharat (ANB)
, 22

Australia, healthcare cooperatives in
, 65

Autogestio Sanitaria (medical service cooperative)
, 144

Ayurveda Hospital Section
, 84

Ayushman Bharat
, 179

Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission
, 76

Ayushman Sahakar’ Scheme
, 25, 156–157, 164, 212

challenges
, 176

effort during COVID-19
, 169–172

functioning of healthcare cooperative societies
, 168–169

healthcare cooperative models for payments & insurance
, 168

healthcare cooperatives in India
, 160–169

healthcare system effectiveness
, 176–181

NRHM
, 158

NUHM
, 159

objectives
, 157–158

objectives
, 164–168

PM-JAY
, 160

public–private partnership
, 160

significance of healthcare system
, 173–174

tracing technology in healthcare
, 174–176

Barcelona Hospital
, 146

Belgium, healthcare cooperatives in
, 65–66

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd.
, 90

Birla Institute of Scientific Research (BISR)
, 177

Bismarckian Model
, 142–143

Blood Bank
, 130

Board of Directors
, 85–87

Bombay Sarvajanik Trust Act, of 1950
, 33

Brazil

cooperative health care in
, 54

healthcare cooperatives in
, 66

Sistema Unimed
, 23

Brazilian Health Cooperative
, 27

C.E.S. Clinicas, Madrid
, 143

Calicut City Service Cooperative Bank (CCSCB)
, 55

Canada, healthcare cooperatives in
, 67

Canada Health Act
, 67

Cancer and Allied Ailments Research (CARE)
, 55

Cardiology
, 83

Care and Share Associates
, 71

Casualty
, 82

Catholicism
, 105

Central Coalfields Limited (CCL)
, 127, 136

Chilavert
, 109–110

Chotanagpur Regional Weaver Cooperative Union (CRWCU)
, 126

Co-operation
, 49, 64

among healthcare cooperatives
, 122

Colombia, healthcare cooperatives in
, 68

Commercial hospitals (see Private hospitals)

Commissioner of Health & Family Welfare (CH&FW)
, 188

Community
, 64

Community Health Centres (CHCs)
, 17, 123

Community Health Services Association Ltd. Saskatchewan
, 67

Community health workers (CHWs)
, 121, 123

Community hospitals
, 124–125

Community-based participatory research (CBPR)
, 120, 124

Community-wide health
, 64

Companies Act
, 55

Computerisation
, 89

Confederación Empresarial Española de la Economía Social (CEPES)
, 51

Confederation of Cooperatives of the Argentine Republic (Cooperar)
, 65, 104

Consultation
, 81

Consumer cooperatives
, 21, 122

Consumer’s Livelihood Cooperative Society Law
, 53, 64

Continuing Medical Education on Stick (CMES)
, 130

Continuous medical programmes (CME)
, 136

Cooperativa Farmaceutica de Cordoba Ltda
, 103

Cooperativa Sanitaria de Galicia (CO. SA. GA)
, 143

Cooperative Caminos
, 71

Cooperative Credit Societies Act
, 19

Cooperative Fund Mobilization Institute
, 65, 104

Cooperative health care

in Brazil
, 54

in India
, 54–55

in Japan
, 53

in Spain
, 50–51

in USA
, 50

Cooperative Homecare Associates (CHCA)
, 71

Cooperative hospitals
, 25

Argentina
, 27–28

Brazilian Health Cooperative
, 27

Canada
, 29

France
, 31

global presence of cooperative hospitals
, 26–31

Italy
, 28

Japan
, 29–31

Cooperative Medical Services
, 207

Cooperatives
, 17, 49, 67, 69, 95, 120–121, 160–161

businesses
, 98

for health in developing nations
, 206–207

in healthcare
, 77–78

history and types of
, 19–23

in major countries
, 20

movement in Argentina
, 97–98

principles of cooperatives in healthcare
, 121–122

role and importance of cooperative structure in healthcare
, 5

values and principles
, 2

Corona Accelerated R&D in Europe (CARE)
, 170

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
, 19

Country Network
, 144

COVID-19
, 88–89

crisis
, 194

pandemic
, 14

protocols
, 133–134

COWIN Portal
, 57

Crime
, 189

Cultural Factory (see IMPA)

Culture
, 121

Decentralised Planning
, 77

Democratic member control
, 2

cooperatives
, 121

Demographic dividend
, 141

Dental Clinic
, 83

Dermatology
, 82

Desperation
, 189

Developing countries
, 140

Development projects
, 90

Devoto
, 103

Dietary
, 130

Diplomate of National Board (DNB)
, 54

Domestic assistance services (DAS)
, 67

Domestic violence
, 105

E M Sankaran Namboothiripad (E M S)
, 68

Ear, nose and throat clinic (ENT clinic)
, 82

Eastern Central Railway (ECL)
, 127, 136

Economic participation of members
, 121

Education
, 121

training, and information healthcare cooperatives
, 121

Electronic Health Records (HER)
, 175

Employee’s welfare
, 87

Empresas de Medicina Pre-paga (EMP)
, 101

Empreseas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (ERTs)
, 98

EMS Memorial Cooperative Hospital
, 54–55

Environment management
, 89

Equity
, 107–109

Espiru Foundation
, 51–53, 69, 143–145

model
, 149–151

organisational model
, 145–146

unique relationship between ASC and SCIAS
, 146

European Union of Social Pharmacies (UEPS)
, 66

Fábrica Sin Patrón-Factory Without Bosses (FaSinPat) (see Zanón ceramics factory)

Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs)
, 22

Farmers
, 50

Federación Argentina de Mutuales de Salud (FAMSA)
, 103

Federation of Health Solidarity Enterprises (FAESS)
, 28, 65, 102, 104

Finances
, 90–91

Financial cooperatives
, 22

Foster Care Cooperative
, 71

Four Directions Cooperative
, 67

Fragmentation
, 99

France, healthcare cooperatives in
, 68

French healthcare system
, 31

Full-time equivalents (FTEs)
, 123

Fundación Espriu
, 51

Fundamental Principles of Health and Welfare Cooperatives
, 64

Funding for cooperative societies
, 59

Gampaha Cooperative Hospital Society
, 170

events
, 171–172

services
, 171

Gampaha Healthcare Cooperative Hospital Society
, 172

General Medicine
, 81

General surgery
, 81

Geriatric Clinic
, 84

Ghataprabha of Gokak taluka
, 22

Governance
, 65

Annual General Meeting
, 87

cooperatives in healthcare
, 77–78

of healthcare cooperatives
, 6–7, 76

Kerala People’s Plan
, 77

management
, 85–87

manpower
, 87–91

Thrikkakara Municipal Co-operative Hospital
, 78–85

Government
, 200

Government Failure Theory, The
, 16

Government of Uttaranchal
, 177

Govt/public recognition
, 88

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
, 22

Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF)
, 21

Gynaecology
, 81

Han Groups
, 31

Health
, 12

centers
, 122–124

check-ups
, 130

equality
, 108–109

equity
, 109

financing
, 141

history of health cooperatives
, 187–188

institutions
, 189

and welfare cooperative
, 64

and wellbeing
, 124

workers
, 123–124

Health, Finance, and Governance (HFG)
, 27

Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs)
, 174

Health cooperatives
, 102–103

cooperatives
, 18–23

current status in India
, 32–40

different kinds of
, 122

emergence of
, 5

and factors
, 40–41

future of healthcare through cooperatives
, 41–42

global presence of cooperative hospitals
, 26–31

global status and scope
, 23–25

implications
, 42

in India
, 156

India’s demographic health
, 12–14

India’s healthcare sector and challenges
, 14–17

originality/value
, 42–43

shortage of skilled manpower in rural healthcare facilities
, 17

status and scope in India
, 25–26

Health insurance
, 179

in India
, 179–180

Healthcare
, 12, 18, 47–48, 64, 123, 200

challenges of developing countries
, 141–142

concern for community
, 55–59

cooperatives
, 48–50, 77–78

education
, 186

funding for cooperative societies
, 59

gains from renewed and restructured healthcare system
, 59–60

infrastructure
, 189

insurance plans
, 4

in Latin America
, 95–102

model in Argentina
, 99–102

network
, 68

principles of cooperatives in healthcare
, 121–122

professionals
, 186

regional perspective of healthcare cooperatives
, 50–51

services
, 186

significance
, 48

Social Economy of Spain
, 51–55

system
, 156–157

system effectiveness
, 176–181

Healthcare cooperatives
, 2, 186, 189, 200

in Argentina
, 94–95

in Argentina and effect on women and local communities
, 7

Ayushman Sahakar Scheme
, 212

books
, 201–202

challenges and growing opportunities for
, 9

cooperatives for health in developing nations
, 206–207

evolution
, 187

history of healthcare cooperatives in developing and developed world
, 206

history of healthcare cooperatives in India
, 209–210

history of healthcare in India
, 207–209

hypothesis
, 192

in India
, 160–169

indispensable goal of health cooperative society
, 190

journals and periodicals
, 202–204

judgement
, 205

methodology
, 193

models for payments & insurance
, 168

movement
, 64

objectives
, 192

as parallel progression for health and healthcare services
, 9

problems with healthcare in India
, 210–211

purpose
, 192–193

rebuilding and founding
, 8

result
, 193

review of literature
, 190–193

review of literature
, 201

rudimentary formation plans
, 190

sample adequacy test
, 194–196

statement of problem
, 192

successful model of
, 7–8

web resources
, 204–205

HealthPartners
, 50

Hefame Group
, 53

HLA Hospital Group
, 52

Hospital de Barcelona
, 52

Hospital laboratory
, 83

Hospitals
, 14, 78, 120, 186, 189

Housing cooperatives
, 21

Human capital
, 56, 58

Human development
, 56

Igualatorio de Médicos de Bilbao
, 144

IMPA
, 110

Inclusive development
, 50

Independence and autonomy health cooperatives
, 121

India

cooperative health care in
, 54–55

cooperative movement
, 77

demographic health
, 12–14

health expenditure
, 15

healthcare cooperatives in
, 68, 160–169

healthcare sector and challenges
, 14–17

public healthcare in
, 76

social parameters and demographic statistics
, 13

India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF)
, 14

Indian Coffee House
, 21

Indian Farmers Fertilizers Cooperative Limited (IFFCO)
, 21

Indian Healthcare Cooperatives
, 162–164

Indian Medical Association (IMA)
, 190

Indian Trust Act
, 59

Infrastructure
, 77, 200

Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI)
, 128

Instituto Nacional de Asociativismo y Economía Social (INAES)
, 102

Instituto Nacional de Seguridad Social para Jubilados y Pensionados (INSSJYP)
, 100

Insurance
, 14, 66, 140

cooperatives
, 103, 151

schemes
, 89

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA)
, 165

Integrated healthcare
, 124–125

Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
, 81

International cooperation
, 121

International Cooperative Alliance (ICA)
, 66, 94, 190

International Health Cooperative Alliance (IHCA)
, 3, 23

International Health Cooperative Organisation (IHCO)
, 53, 66, 102, 104, 212

Iran, healthcare cooperatives in
, 66

Italian Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE)
, 69

Italy, healthcare cooperatives in
, 68–69

Japan

cooperative health care in
, 53

healthcare cooperatives in
, 69

Japan Healthcare Cooperative
, 70

Japanese Health and Welfare Co-operative Federation
, 53

Japanese Health and Welfare Cooperative Federation–Hew Co-op Japan, The
, 30

Japanese healthcare
, 31

Jharkhand
, 121

Junk bonds
, 59

Justice
, 107–109

Kerala Cooperative
, 163

Kerala health cooperative model
, 26

Kerala Municipality Act (1994)
, 77

Kerala Panchayati Raj Act (1994)
, 77

Kerala People’s Plan
, 77

Kerala State of India
, 68

Kozhikode District Cooperative Hospital
, 54

La Fábrica Cultural (see IMPA)

Laboratory Services
, 83

Laparoscopic surgery
, 81

Latin America, healthcare in
, 95–102

Lavinia S Coop.
, 148

Limited liability partnerships (LLP)
, 60

Logistic cooperation
, 68

Maahi Milk Producer Company Private Limited
, 22

Mahatma Gandhi Cooperative Hospital
, 55

Manpower
, 87

computerisation
, 89

COVID-19
, 88–89

development projects
, 90

employee’s welfare
, 87

environment management
, 89

expansion and diversification
, 90

finances
, 90–91

govt/public recognition
, 88

insurance schemes
, 89

MEDICEP
, 89

organisation chart
, 87

Manufacturing/production cooperatives
, 95

Market or Contract Failure Theory, The
, 16

Matawa Cooperative
, 67

Medanta ARAMW Blood Bank
, 133

Medanta Group
, 136

Medical facilities
, 69

Medical Insurance for State Employees and Pensioners (MEDICEP)
, 89

Medical oncology
, 133

Medical tourism
, 14

Medicare
, 67

Medicine
, 33

Member economic participation
, 2

Merit good
, 141

MGEN
, 31

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
, 141

Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT)
, 175

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW)
, 163

Ministry of Health Care
, 188

Multi-stakeholder cooperatives
, 23, 95

in hospitals
, 124

Multi-state Cooperative Societies Act
, 18

Multispecialty hospitals
, 120

Murcia Brotherhood SCL Mediterranean Pharmaceutical
, 53

Mutual assurance companies
, 68

Mutual societies
, 68

Mutuals
, 103–105

Mutuals aid Societies
, 31

Nairobi study
, 124

Narayana Health
, 57

National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH)
, 55

National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO)
, 188

National Cooperative Consumers’ Federation of India Ltd. (NCCF)
, 21

National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC)
, 25, 90, 156, 189

National Cooperative Learning Service (SESCOOP)
, 27

National Cooperative Union of India
, 163–164

National Development Council
, 19

National Digital Health Mission
, 174, 212

National eHealth Authority (NeHA)
, 175–176

National Food Security Mission (NFSM)
, 42

National Health Agency
, 27

National Health Mission (NHM)
, 157

National Health Policy
, 14–16, 76, 165, 212

National Health Protection Scheme (NHPS) (see Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY))

National Health Service (NHS)
, 96

National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990
, 71

National Health Stack
, 176

National Informatics Centre (NIC)
, 174

National Institutes of Health (NIH)
, 170

National Insurance System
, 53

National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
, 158

National Union of Domestic Employees (N. U. D. E)
, 71

National Urban Health Mission (NUHM)
, 159

New generation cooperatives
, 22

Non-profit community service cooperatives
, 23

Non-profit institutions
, 69

Nuclear medicine
, 133

Obras socials
, 99–101

Obstetrics
, 81

Office Des Pharmacies Coopératives De Belgique (OPHACO)
, 66

Oncology
, 133

Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)
, 84

Operation theatres (OTs)
, 131

Ophthalmology
, 83

Orthopaedics
, 82

Out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPE)
, 140

Outpatient Department (OPD)
, 81, 129, 171

Paediatrics
, 82

Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO)
, 99

Pandemic
, 200

People’s Plan Campaign
, 77

People’s Planning
, 77

Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)
, 134

Pharmacy
, 130

services
, 84

Pharmacy cooperatives
, 66, 103

in Spain
, 6

in Turkey
, 3

Physiotherapy
, 83–84

PM Atmanirbhar Swasth Bharat Yojana’ programme
, 174

Poverty
, 108

Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
, 160, 174

Preventive healthcare
, 31, 41

Primary Agricultural Credit Society (PACS)
, 22, 55

Primary Health Centres (PHCs)
, 16, 189

Private healthcare
, 180–181

Private hospitals
, 4, 14, 16

Producer/marketing cooperatives
, 21

Protection Maladie Universelle (PUMA)
, 31

Provincial governments
, 19

Psychiatry
, 83

Public distribution system (PDS)
, 42

Public healthcare

in India
, 76

system
, 28

Public sector
, 16, 99

Public–private partnership (PPP)
, 160, 177

Pulmonology
, 82

Purchasing and shared services cooperatives
, 122

Radiology
, 84

Ramon Magsaysay Award
, 33

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY)
, 160

Reforms Act of 1919
, 19

Research and development (R&D)
, 141

Rural and semi-urban citizens
, 189–190

Rural Credit Survey Committee
, 19

Rural-urban divide
, 32

SABSA cooperative
, 67

Salud Cooperative in Columbia
, 3, 68

Sancor Seguros
, 103

“SANJEEVANI”
, 57

SARS-CoV-2
, 157

Saskatoon Community Clinic
, 29, 67

Self-Employed Women’s Association (Sewa)
, 26

Service Workers Center Cooperative Society Limited (SWCCS)
, 71

SEWA
, 162–163

Shri Jagad Guru Cooperative Hospital and Research Institute (JGCHRI)
, 22

Shri Jagadguru Gurusiddeshwar (J. G.)
, 35

constraints, strengths, and opportunities for J. G cooperative hospital
, 38–40

Shri Mahila Griha Udyog Lijjat Papad
, 21

Shri Tribhuvandas Patel
, 33

Shri. J. G. Cooperative Hospital and Research Institute
, 54

Singapore, healthcare cooperatives in
, 70

SMARTER approach
, 191

Social capital
, 107–109

Social care cooperatives
, 103

Social cooperatives
, 21–22, 69, 95

Social economy businesses in-home services (SEEHS)
, 67

Social Economy of Spain
, 51–55

Social health insurance (SHI)
, 101

Sociedad Cooperativa de Instalaciones Asistenciales Sanitarias (SCIAS)
, 146

Society
, 51

Solow Model
, 58

Spain health cooperative
, 8, 69, 140, 142–144

analysis and results
, 144–148

healthcare challenges of developing countries
, 141–142

literature review
, 141

methodology
, 144

perspective
, 142

SWOT analysis of model
, 151

Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)
, 60

Sports
, 121

Sri Lanka, healthcare cooperatives in
, 3, 70

State Cooperative Societies Act
, 18

Strategic human resource management (SHRM)
, 26

Surgical oncology
, 132–133

Sushrusha Citizens Cooperative Hospital Ltd.
, 54

Sustainable community development, concern for community for
, 122

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)
, 140–141

Sweden, healthcare cooperatives in
, 70

Systematic literature review (SLR)
, 191

Tallinn Charter
, 191

Technology Information, Forecasting, and Assessment Council (TIFAC)
, 177

Telemedicine
, 130

Theatre complex
, 84–85

Thrikkakara Grama Panchayath
, 68

Thrikkakara Municipal Co-operative Hospital
, 68, 78

facilities
, 80

inception
, 78–79

mission
, 79

objectives
, 79

shareholding and membership
, 80

treatment facilities
, 81–85

vision
, 79

Tools Accelerators (ACT)
, 169

Total addressable market (TAM)
, 59

Treatment
, 79

Tribhuvandas Foundation, Anand, Gujarat
, 33

approach and future thrust
, 35

awards
, 35

financials
, 34–35

uniqueness of model
, 34

Trichur District Cooperative Hospital
, 54–55

Trinidad and Tobago, healthcare cooperatives in
, 71

Tubusezere Healthcare Cooperative in Rwanda
, 64

Uniform Data System (UDS)
, 123

UNIMED
, 206

Unimed-Brazil
, 27

Union of India v. Rajendra N. Shah
, 205

United Ag
, 50

United Kingdom, healthcare cooperatives in
, 71

United States, healthcare cooperatives in
, 71

Universal health coverage (UHC)
, 96–97

Universal healthcare coverage
, 64

Uralungal Labour Contract Co-operative Society in Kerala
, 21

Urban Slum Healthcare Project, Andhra Pradesh
, 177

Uruguay, healthcare cooperatives in
, 71

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
, 109

USA, cooperative health care in
, 50

User cooperatives
, 95, 151

Utility
, 200

Uttaranchal Mobile Hospital and Research Centre (UMHRC)
, 177

Village Health Workers (VHWs)
, 34

cooperatives
, 64

Voluntary and open membership cooperatives
, 2, 121

Weavers Hospital
, 121

Welfare economics
, 58

Women

in Argentina
, 105–106

in cooperative movement in Argentina
, 106–107

Worker cooperatives
, 21, 27, 68, 95, 122, 151, 161–162

World Health Organization (WHO)
, 12, 108–109, 156

World healthcare cooperatives
, 1–2

cooperative values and principles
, 2

description
, 2–4

impact
, 4–9

theoretical and methodological framework
, 4

World healthcare models
, 64

initiatives and learnings from
, 6, 64–72

Yeshasvini Health Scheme in Karnataka
, 177

Yeshasvini Rural Cooperative Health Scheme
, 26, 162

Zanón ceramics factory
, 110

Zimbabwe, healthcare cooperatives in
, 71–72

Zimbabwe National Association of Housing Cooperatives (ZINAHCO)
, 71