The perceived impact of socioeconomic factors’ impact on FR: the case study of Pakistan
International Journal of Social Economics
ISSN: 0306-8293
Article publication date: 17 April 2023
Issue publication date: 17 October 2023
Abstract
Purpose
The basic purpose of this paper was to check the perceived impact of socio-economic on the fertility rate (FR) in Pakistan. It also explored the factors which play an important role on FR of urban and rural resident women.
Design/methodology/approach
A few studies were carried out this particular issue in Pakistan but this issue was not mentioned in such a way as the current study highlights. Data were collected through questionnaires from rural and urban areas. The main variables were chosen for this purpose were the income of the households, their education level and the mortality rate. FR is measured in terms of number of children which are above 5 years of age and married couple has stopped the further fertility intentions; Monthly income of the families were taken and the education was in the years of schooling. The ordinary least square (OLS) model was used for the estimation.
Findings
The results of this study showed that, in urban areas this association is very strong while in rural areas this is relatively weak due to sharp differences in income brackets. Families with high level of income tend to have few children. Female education is also negatively correlated with FR. Higher level of female education has negative effect on FR. Mortality rate has significant positive association with FR. Higher mortality rate compel families to have more birth as probability of living is low. There is inverse association between income and FR.
Research limitations/implications
The best way to determine how birth rates are changing is not the crude birth rate (CBR) but the total fertility rate (TFR). This measure provides an age-controlled estimation of “how many kids a woman beginning her childbearing years now would have over her whole life if current birth rates remain stable”.
Originality/value
Mortality rate has significant positive association with FR. Higher mortality rate compel families to have more birth as probability of living is low. There is inverse association between income and FR.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors are deeply grateful to all those who played a role in the success of this article. The authors would like to thank their teachers for their invaluable input and support throughout the research process. Their insights and expertise were instrumental in shaping the direction of this research paper.
Citation
Rasheed, M., Mahboob, M.H. and Rasheed, H.M.M. (2023), "The perceived impact of socioeconomic factors’ impact on FR: the case study of Pakistan", International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 50 No. 10, pp. 1393-1401. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-05-2021-0287
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited