Induced alterations driven compromised structural properties in additively manufactured products
ISSN: 1355-2546
Article publication date: 5 April 2024
Issue publication date: 1 May 2024
Abstract
Purpose
Additive manufacturing also known as 3D printing is an evolving advanced manufacturing technology critical for the new era of complex machinery and operating systems. Manufacturing systems are increasingly faced with risk of attacks not only by traditional malicious actors such as hackers and cyber-criminals but also by some competitors and organizations engaged in corporate espionage. This paper aims to elaborate a plausible risk practice of designing and demonstrate a case study for the compromised-based malicious for polymer 3D printing system.
Design/methodology/approach
This study assumes conditions when a machine was compromised and evaluates the effect of post compromised attack by studying its effects on tensile dog bone specimens as the printed object. The designed algorithm removed predetermined specific number of layers from the tensile samples. The samples were visually identical in terms of external physical dimensions even after removal of the layers. Samples were examined nondestructively for density. Additionally, destructive uniaxial tensile tests were carried out on the modified samples and compared to the unmodified sample as a control for various mechanical properties. It is worth noting that the current approach was adapted for illustrating the impact of cyber altercations on properties of additively produced parts in a quantitative manner. It concurrently pointed towards the vulnerabilities of advanced manufacturing systems and a need for designing robust mitigation/defense mechanism against the cyber altercations.
Findings
Density, Young’s modulus and maximum strength steadily decreased with an increase in the number of missing layers, whereas a no clear trend was observed in the case of % elongation. Post tensile test observations of the sample cross-sections confirmed the successful removal of the layers from the samples by the designed method. As a result, the current work presented a cyber-attack model and its quantitative implications on the mechanical properties of 3D printed objects.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the original work from the team. It is currently not under consideration for publication in any other avenue. The paper provides quantitative approach of realizing impact of cyber intrusions on deteriorated performance of additively manufactured products. It also enlists important intrusion mechanisms relevant to additive manufacturing.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
Authors acknowledge the infrastructure and support of Center for Agile & Adaptive Additive Manufacturing (CAAAM) funded through State of Texas Appropriation #190405–105-805008–220 at the University of North Texas. Authors would like to acknowledge Shelden Dowden for help during tensile tests. Authors would like to thank Prof. Krishna Kavi for general guidance on the subject matter.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Citation
Haghnegahdar, L., Joshi, S.S., Yanambaka Venkata, R., Riley, D.A. and Dahotre, N.B. (2024), "Induced alterations driven compromised structural properties in additively manufactured products", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 30 No. 4, pp. 711-721. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-07-2023-0236
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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